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Date: Sun, 24 Sep 1995 22:51:58 +0100
To: hungary-report@hungary.yak.net
From: bruner@isys.hu (Rick Bruner)
Subject: Hungary Report 1.23 (II)
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  The Hungary Report

  No. 1.23, September 24, 1995

  (Continued, Part II)
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  FEATURE STORY

  Hungarian Soldiers Celebrate St. Stephen's Day in Louisiana Heat

  By Bill Pietrucha
  <74767.2251@compuserve.com>
  Copyright (c) 1995

  Fort Polk, La. -- After a long, hot day guarding relief supplies,
  dealing with angry civilians and patrolling for snipers, Hungarian
  troops were able to relax and celebrate St. Stephen's Day, while
  their counterparts from other former Warsaw Pact and Soviet Union
  armies guarded the perimeter of their camp in a disputed border
  region between Cortina and Acadia on the island of Aragon.

  The Hungarian troops were braving 102F degree heat, humidity, snakes
  and snipers, as part of a NATO peacekeeping force acting as the
  military component of the United Nations Observer Mission in Aragon
  (UNOMA).

  As a member of NATO, troops from the United States, along with fellow
  NATO members Canada and the United Kingdom, joined forces with their
  counterparts -- and former enemies -- now working together under the
  Partnership for Peace initiative, from the former Warsaw Pact
  countries of Poland, Hungary, Bulgaria, Romania, the Czech Republic
  and Slovakia.  Units from Albania, Slovenia, Latvia, Lithuania and
  Estonia, and the former Soviet republics of Ukraine, Uzbekistan and
  Kyrgyzstan, also joined in the exercise.

  Things Are Not What They Seem to Be

  While the military situation on Aragon was not unlike a dozen or more
  similar conflicts currently being waged around the world, with troops
  from NATO and other countries working together under a United Nations
  mandate, the island of Aragon and the countries of Acadia and Cortina
  are something quite different.

  Aragon is actually in the middle of Fort Polk, Louisiana, the site of
  the US Army's Joint Readiness Training Center, and the border
  conflict between the fictional countries of Cortina and Acadia was
  part of Cooperative Nugget 95 (CN95). Cooperative Nugget was
  scheduled by NATO's Allied Command Atlantic and hosted on behalf of
  the United States by the commander-in-chief, United States Atlantic
  Command from August 8 through August 26.

  The aim of CN95, and other NATO Partnership for Peace exercises, is
  to foster interpretability between the participating forces through
  the practice of combined peacekeeping and humanitarian relief
  tactics, techniques and communications procedures at the platoon and
  company level. The program also assists the military forces of
  partner nations in emerging from the Cold War as positive,
  non-political, defense-oriented elements of their societies.

  It was the sixth military exercise to be conducted as part of NATO's
  Partnership for Peace Program, and the first to be conducted in the
  United States.

  It also was a historic first as the former Warsaw Pact and other
  troops trained on US soil, the very first visit to America for most
  of them. Most of the troops from armies behind the former Iron
  Curtain never thought they would see America, let alone as a member
  of the military.

  "If someone had told me five years ago that I would be training with
  American soldiers in the United States, I would have told them they
  were crazy," said Hungarian First Lt. Rozsa. He did, however,
  appreciate the opportunity to learn from the former enemy.

  "It is a different way of peacekeeping than what we are used to" said
  Lt. Rozsa, explaining that he had previously trained with
  Scandinavian units. "Our goal is to incorporate what we are learning
  from this exercise into our training back home, to be able to join in
  peacekeeping operations anywhere in the world where we are needed."

  Hungary earlier this year sent peacekeeping troops to Cyprus and the
  Sinai, and contributed a medical unit to the multinational forces
  during Operation Desert Storm.

  But all was not work for the Hungarian contingent.

  On August 20, St. Stephen's Day, the Hungarian troops celebrated
  their national holiday by promoting two of their officers. First Lt.
  Zolt=E1n Sajtos and Capt. J=F3zsef Moln=E1r were promoted by General J=E1n=
os
  De=E1k, Commander of the Hungarian Home Defense Forces.

  The three week exercise included two weeks of joint training and
  rehearsing, followed by one week of realistic peacekeeping exercises
  in the field.

  And realistism was accomplished not just by the weather and climate
  of central Louisiana. "Role players," who consisted of civilians,
  retired military and military spouses, contributed to the realism by
  living in the field in "villages," "towns," and "refugee centers."
  These role players portrayed the civilian population, good and bad,
  partisan and non-partisan, which would be found in any situation
  needing peacekeeping forces.

  One incident that occurred during the second day of field exercises
  was a mock car bombing at a check-point manned by US and British
  troops, some of whom recently were redeployed from peacekeeping
  operations in Northern Ireland.

  This exercise treated the soldiers' capacities not only for
  effectively treating and evaluating mock casualties in a car bombing,
  but also provided the experience needed for crowd control in an
  "uncontrollable" situation.

  Another important exercise was the World Endeavor Convoy. This
  mission was to provide food and other supplies to the refugees of the
  fictional island of Aragon, and was designed to simulate problems a
  peacekeeping force might encounter while distributing items necessary
  for civilians' survival.

  But not everyone echoed the feelings of brotherhood heard throughout
  the exercises. Local Louisiana militia members, concerned about the
  "one-world government," were decidedly more cautious in their
  approach to the exercises.

  To allay these concerns, the US military at Fort Polk issued a fact
  book about the Partnership for Peace exercise, which said, "Some may
  have heard rumors that Fort Polk is under UN command or part of some
  one-world order plot. This is not true."

  Tom Parker, coordinator for the Louisiana militia, and who covered
  the exercise for his Louisiana public access television show called
  "Freedom Forum," said "the Partnership for Peace is forging a hammer.
  My concern is whether this hammer will be used as a tool for peace or
  as a weapon to smash our individual freedoms."

  General John M. Shalikashvili, Chairman of the US Joint Chiefs of
  Staff, addressed some of these fears, but stressed that "what is
  important to understand is that the Partnership for Peace is not a
  partnership against someone. It is a partnership to draw us all
  together, to work together."

  "When armies from different nations get together," he added, "it's
  extraordinarily helpful, if over time, we have had what I call these
  patterns of cooperation; opportunities where we get together, whether
  that's in our schools, confeences, or such as this. Whether it's
  simply to get together and drink coffee together and get to know each
  other."

  The Partnership for Peace, he observed, "isn't just about exercises,
  it's about the much larger issue of learning to live and work
  together and think the same way and understand each other clearly."

  "You cannot wish away things that might go wrong in the world," he
  cautioned. "Humanitarian disasters will happen whether we like it or
  not. Peace will be broken and crises will arise that someone had to
  deal with. And if we do not wish to be the one who has to do it by
  himself all the time, then it is to our advantage to work with as
  many nations who can share the burden."

  (Bill Pietrucha is a regular reader of the Hungary Report, resident
  near Washington, D.C.)


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  PARLIAMENT WATCH

  Politicians not winning popularity contests

  By Tibor Vidos
  Copyright (c) 1995

  The coalition crisis seems to be at rest -- for now -- though
  observers agree that a long-lasting peace is outside the scope of
  reality. The unilateral appointment of Socialist MP and former
  Minister of Industry and Trade L=E1szl=F3 P=E1l as chairman of the nationa=
l
  oil company, MOL Rt, and the reopening of six-party talks on the
  media bill has already drawn heavy criticism from the Free Democrats.

  In the meantime, two committees of leading Socialist and liberal
  politicians are at work on particulars about changes in the
  governmental structure and about "norms of cooperation". According to
  plans, these committees were to have come up with a revised
  governmental structure and suggest a coalition code of conduct by
  September 20.

  The coalition code of conduct should be the top priority. Without
  trust and proper communication between the coalition parties, all
  other negotiations are doomed to failure.

  While the memories of the summer are slowly fading away the recently
  published opinion polls remind us how hot the political summer really
  was. For the first time in the history of Hungarian opinion polls the
  Smallholders' Party has surfaced as the most popular party in the
  country.

  According to a Szonda Ipsos poll conducted during the most intensive
  part of the coalition crisis, 24% of those with a party preference
  would have voted for the populist right-wing party had elections been
  held then. The Socialists came second with 23%  and the Free
  Democrats third with 14%.

  Median, another polling firm, also published the results of a survey
  conducted at the same time of the Szonda -Ipsos poll, i.e. during the
  last days of August. According to Median, the Socialists were ahead
  of the Smallholders by one point with 19%, the Free Democrats coming
  third with 14%. As the accuracy of the surveys is around 3% the two
  polls indicate that the Smallholders and the Socialist are leading
  neck and neck.

  Interestingly, some of the the very same parties lead the list of the
  most disliked with 37% and 36%, respectively.

  Socialists and Smallholders alike polarize the public. One either
  votes for them or would not even consider voting for them. All the
  other parliamentary parties fall into an in-between category. Some
  people favor them, others not, but emotions do not run high when
  their name is mentioned.

  The surveys of the two competing polling firms agree that Finance
  Minister Lajos Bokros is the most unpopular politician, probably on
  the whole globe. Bokros shares the fate of all of his predecessors by
  being unpopular. The difference in his case is that he is even more
  unpopular than any other finance minister before him. His only
  refuge: for now, his policies seem to be working.

  Bokros may also not be very annoyed by reading that S=E1ndor Nagy, the
  hard-line socialist trade union boss, and a major opponent of Bokros'
  austerity measures, has lost five popularity points since July,
  according to Median. As the questionnaires were filled out while Nagy
  was a candidate for the proposed position of Minister of Economy and
  Deputy Prime Minister, there is little doubt that voters did not
  embrace the idea of a sudden switch from the unions to government.

  According to both polls, President Arp=E1d G=F6ncz is still undisputedly
  the most popular politician of the country. Prime Minister Gyula Horn
  is, well, how shall I say...in a somewhat less prestigious position.
  Four years ago the relative positions of President G=F6ncz and the late
  Prime Minister J=F3zsef Antall were identical. Let's hope that this is
  the only thing in common between the two prime ministers.


                                 * * *

  Tibor Vidos is a lobbyist and political consultant in charge of the
  Budapest office of GJW Government Relations. <vidos@ind.eunet.hu> or
  <CompuServe: 76702,2227> A version of this article appeared in the
  Budapest Business Journal.


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  READER UPDATE

  Great news: the Hungary Report found a sponsor! My old friend Steve
  Carlson <steve@isys.hu>, who co-founded Budapest Week newspaper with
  me four years, has agreed the Hungary Report would be a good vehicle
  to promote his new Internet Service Provider business in Budapest,
  iSYS. He and his partners will provide enough monthly support to pay
  two friends to continue producing it each week (yes, it will actually
  be weekly, once again, after I leave the picture ;)  So, while I will
  leave Hungary after five years of residence here in three weeks, I'm
  happy to say the Hungary Report will survive me. In the next few
  weeks, I hope you'll agree the quality is every bit as high or better
  coming from the capable net.grrrls and experience journalists
  Krisztina Feny=F4 and Jennifer Brown. I will write at least one more
  Report before saying goodbye.

  Till then, any reader with World-Wide Web access is encouraged to
  visit our new WWW home page (http://www.isys.hu/hrep/), as we can use
  all the "hits" we can get, to show other potential sponsors how
  popular the site is.

  Cheers,

  Rick


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  FINAL BLURB

  The Hungary Report is free to readers. To subscribe, send an email
  message to the following Internet address:

       hungary-report-request@hungary.yak.net

  containing (in the body of the message, not in the headers) the
  single word

       subscribe


  Conversely, to stop receiving Hungary Report, simply send to the same
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  Please note: all mailing lists suffer from frequent "error"
  addresses. If we have problems with sending to your address more
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  haven't received the report for more than one week, feel free to
  enquire directly to Rick Bruner <bruner@isys.hu> (but please
  wait for at least a week, as we're also just famously late in
  getting the thing out sometimes :)

                                   * * *

  Back issues of The Hungary Report are available on the World-Wide Web
     http://www.isys.hu/hrep/

  and via FTP
     host: ftp.yak.net
     directory: /pub/hungary-report/
     login name: "ftp"
     password: your email address

                                   * * *

  The entire contents of The Hungary Report is copyrighted by the
  authors. Permission is granted for not-for-profit, electronic
  redistribution and storage of the material. If readers redistribute
  any part of The Hungary Report by itself, PLEASE RESPECT AUTHORS'
  BY-LINES and copyright notices.

  Reprinting and resale of the material is strictly prohibited without
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  directy by email to enquire about resale rights.

                                   * * *

  For information on becoming a corporate sponsor of The Hungary
  Report, contact Rick E. Bruner by email.

  Feedback is welcome.

  Rick E. Bruner <bruner@isys.hu>
  John Nadler <jnadler@magnet.hu>
  Tibor Vidos <vidos@ind.eunet.hu> or <CompuServe: 76702,2227>

                                   * * *

  For its briefs, The Hungary Report regularly consults the news sources
  listed below -- for information about subsriptions, contact them by
  email: The Budapest Business Journal <100263.213@compuserve.com> (and
  tell them what dwads they are for making us pay for issues at the
  newsstand);  Budapest Sun <100275.456@compuserve.com>; Budapest Week
  <100324.141@compuserve.com>, and Central Europe Today (free online)
  <cet-info@eunet.cz>.

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  END TRANSMISSION




